The Message of Quinns Ishmael :: Quinn Ishmael Essays

The Message of Ishmael     Quinn increases a one of a kind viewpoint on humankind through the principle character of the novel, Ishmael. Ishmael is a gorilla. Also, Ishmael is an instructor who speaks with people clairvoyantly. By all accounts, this scarcely is by all accounts a character who might show up in a genuine book; more probable a youngsters' story, a tale, or maybe a terrible sci-fi novel. However Ishmael is none of these, and Ishmael is a solid character, with an amazing mind and a genuine reason. The character of Ishmael should be non-human so as to be powerful. Glancing in on development from the outside gives him a viewpoint from which to condemn mankind without pietism. To hear the oppressor atone isn't about so successful as to hear the voice of the abused interest opportunity and compensation.   As Ishmael opens, the writer composes of a day in his life when he found what he thought a genuinely ridiculous ad in the personals area of a paper: Educator looks for student. Must want to spare the world. Apply face to face. Exploring to uncover misrepresentation, he happened upon Ishmael in Room 105 of an unexceptional place of business. Ishmael was sitting smoothly, snacking on a slim branch. Quickly stunned, Quinn faltered towards a seat. He looked into the gorilla's eyes, and a lot to his disconcertment the eyes smoothly addressed him. Gesturing in answer to an unuttered inquiry, Ishmael talked quietly I am the instructor.   In language of the sort one may anticipate from an accomplished man talking with a companion, Ishmael revealed to Quinn an incredible account. An enormous part of it was spent in bondage, before a rich old man got to know and instructed him. Toward the finish of Ishmael's story, Quinn was still fairly dumbfounded. I stayed there for a moment, at that point I stated, I'm attempting to make sense of what this has to do with sparing the world. Ishmael thought for a second. Among the individuals of your way of life, which need to pulverize the world? Which need to annihilate it? Apparently, nobody explicitly needs to annihilate the world. But you do pulverize it, every one of you. Every one of you contributes day by day to the devastation of the world. Indeed, that is so. Why not stop?

Crime Data free essay sample

The measurements show sensational changes inside the two regions throughout the years as indicated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Revealed Incidents The number of inhabitants in Akron, Ohio, was 699,760 out of 2007. It is assessed that a sum of 902 instances of bothered attack was accounted for. In correlation the number of inhabitants in Altoona, Pennsylvania was 125,800 and the complete populace of announced instances of bothered attack was 238. Altoona had a boundlessly littler populace than Akron and thus had significantly less announced instances of disturbed attack. Wrongdoing in the United States by Metropolitan Statistical Area 2007. ) In 2008 the number of inhabitants in every zone didn't change without a doubt. Akron expanded by 154 individuals setting them at a populace of 699,914, and Altoona diminished to a populace of 125,036 dropping their all out populace by 764 individuals. Akron in 2008 had 1,137 announced disturbed ambush cases and Altoona had 246 revealed bothered attack cases. (Wrongdoing in the United States by Metropolitan Statistical Area 2008. ) In 2009 the number of inhabitants in every region expanded. We will compose a custom exposition test on Wrongdoing Data or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Akron had a huge increment of 1,018 additional individuals. Altoona’s populace expanded by just 33 individuals. Akron’s detailed exasperated attack cases hopped to 1,248 an expansion of 111 revealed cases. Be that as it may, Altoona’s announced disturbed attack cases just went up to 249. (Wrongdoing in the United States by Metropolitan Statistical Area, 2009. ) Rate of Crime in Area Altoona, Pennsylvania, had a surmised populace of just 17. 96% of Akron, Ohio. In 2008 it diminished to 17. 86% of that of Akron, Ohio. In 2009 it was at 17. 84% of that of Akron, Ohio. Indeed, even with these rates Altoona, Pennsylvania, didn't fall beneath 19. 5% of disturbed ambushes answered to law implementation in Akron, Ohio. Leading a correlation of populace between both metro zones shows Altoona experienced 26. 38% of Akron’s disturbed ambush cases in 2007, 21. 63% in 2008, lastly 19. 95 out of 2009. When contrasting factual information is useful with note that announced crime percentages depended on known events of the wrongdo ing in a given zone. Consistently there is various violations submitted in each metropolitan city that go unreported to the best possible law requirement office. Measurable information is just on a par with the revealing of the violations in every city. Rate Change Akron, Ohio, in 2007 had a disturbed attack pace of 128. 9 for each 100,000 occupants. Altoona, Pennsylvania, had a disturbed attack pace of 189. 2 for every 100,000 occupants. Akron, Ohio, in 2008 had a disturbed attack pace of 162. 4 for each 100,000 occupants a really critical increment from 2007. Altoona, Pennsylvania, had a bothered attack pace of 126. 2 for each 100,000 occupants, which was a fantastic improvement more than 2007. The detailed episodes of exasperated ambush have fluxgate a huge sum throughout the years, and this can be brought about by numerous components to incorporate the economy, lodging, populace, and increment in criminal associations in the territory. Elements prompting Crime Rates for Given Area In Altoona, Pennsylvania, the mental impacts of a poor economy might be a main factor in the huge increment in announced bothered ambush cases. The fall in the economy can extraordinarily influence the crime percentages at metropolitan urban areas. In Akron, Ohio, the pace of bothered attack expanded from 2007-2008, and from 2008-2009. The populace just expanded by 154 individuals from 2007-2008, and by 1018 from 2008-2009. Populace development couldn't be viewed as a reason in the expansion in announced bothered ambush cases. Akron was experiencing monetary battles during these timeframes and again financial issues can be an enormous factor in expanded crime percentages. Absence of occupations and increment in lower pay families has been demonstrated to be driving reasons for crime percentage increments. References Federal Bureau of Investigation. Wrongdoing Statistics (2007). Recovered on October 11, 2012 from http://www. fbi. gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/ucr

How to Use Academic Essay Examples to Help You Improve Your Composition

How to Use Academic Essay Examples to Help You Improve Your CompositionWriting a good, original, and interesting essay is no easy task. Many students find that it takes years to learn the techniques required to effectively write an excellent essay. Therefore, they may need assistance with sample essays and essay examples in order to get up to speed quickly.One of the best ways to obtain a selection of essay samples is to visit your school course website. Many schools have designated sections on their websites for students to browse through, as well as post assignments from current students. You can also visit the admissions office or admissions advisors in the English department of your college to see if any staff are willing to share their work with you.Originality in writing is the key to successful, well-written essays. It's not enough to be able to repeat the ideas of others; you must be able to make your own unique point. The standards set by academic administrators will vary, b ut the main goal is to provide a cohesive and well-written presentation of the assigned material.Intrigue is an equally imperative element. The idea is to catch the attention of the reader while also keeping the focus on the central theme of the assignment. This is why references to other works and experiences, the student's personal experience or history, and even the essay itself are all vital.Once the student has developed the story of their life, it is important to be able to demonstrate how their story fits with the topic at hand. Use examples from personal and professional life, and the class curriculum to provide as much of the information required to present your personal story. The idea is to be able to do a persuasive argument that contains enough originality to keep the student's interest, but not so much that the student begins to lose track of the main point of the essay.One great example of an aspiration essay sample is a short essay that describes the first time the s tudent met his/her love interest. The student provides information about the particular event and then describes the first impressions made upon meeting the person for the first time. Make sure that you include all of the elements that need to be included to properly construct a compelling case.Another great way to use aspiration is to write an essay from the perspective of the characters. If you have a character who is a loner, write an essay on how his/her personality helps him/her cope with daily life. You can also use the examples found in the sample to portray the personality of your favorite characters.When developing an aspiration for your English class, it is essential to remember that students are looking for text references as well as thoughts. They may not be able to connect what you have written in your paper with something that they have experienced personally. To solve this problem, it is helpful to use aspiration examples as well as text references from your personal life.

Earning Your MBA From Home 2019

For years the MBA has had a prestige that no other masters degree can claim. During the boomtown days of the late nineties and into the new millennium, the MBA was an instant ticket to a lucrative, interesting job. To a certain extent, it still is. At Wharton, the University of Pennsylvania Business School, 90% of its 2017 graduating class had jobs lined up on graduation day, with an average starting salary of $100,000. Thats a top school in the Ivy League where corporate recruiters no doubt descended like flies. Getting a masters degree in business administration online is a little less glamorous. It is also a lot cheaper, not in Pennsylvania, and can have as profound an effect on your life, as it did for those young ladies and gentlemen in Philadelphia. Online masters programs in business administration are perhaps the best example of successful distance learning. People who opt for an online MBA program will have completed college, which means that they bring some study habits with them to the home office. They tend to be beyond the college years, which often indicates that its a choice clearly made and a serious pursuit. The opportunities for new MBA graduates are still robust. Moreover, as the new economy has evolved over the last several years, so have the areas of specialization in MBA programs, giving the student an opportunity to focus on a career area of choice. .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede:active, .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ube2e382e5b8695d67990f3eaaaea6ede:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Business Administration Careers You Should ConsiderColorado Technical University offers no less than eight specialties in online MBA programs. These options include: Accounting. Finance. Health Care Management. Human Resource Management. Information Technology Management. Project Management. Business Management. Executive MBA. Capella University has online Masters in Business Administration programs with specialties in marketing, finance, and accounting. University of Phoenix Online has an MBA program that includes most of the above choices, and also offers an MBA program with a specialization in global management. Those kinds of career options can make all the evening hours at the computer worthwhile. And there is no doubt that an MBA on the resume will shorten the job search cycle considerably. It is true that over the last five years there has been a glut of newly-minted MBAs coming into the job market. Nonetheless, the degree stills carries considerable weight when a resume is making its way through the HR process. A degree obtained after an initial excursion into the business world holds a lot of value. .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e:active, .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u46aa8394f4399c82e9d0957e3ea0b40e:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Bachelor Degree in Management Making a Career Out of Project ManagementPeople who are willing to work in order to achieve advancement will impress a personnel manager in the business world. An online masters in business administration is proof of that uncompromising ambition. An MBA couples nicely with existing work experience. If you are in the health care field and wish to move up the management chain, you can acquire an online masters in business administration in the health care field. If you are in human resources or interested in labor relations, there are online MBA programs with an HR focus on negotiation and conflict. There is an astonishing variety of professional avenues that can be widened with an online MBA. Related ArticlesBSN in Nursing Look for This to Avoid Enrolling in a Bogus Nursing ProgramAA on Business Administration How to Tell if a School is Really AccreditedA Day in the Life of an Online Masters Degree StudentFind General Online Degree ProgramsImprove Your Life and the World With a Masters Degree In Criminal JusticeFind Online Education and Teaching Degree Programs .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75:active, .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u550535cc0cc7a9ecf8aa715971301e75:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Your Online MBA Course

iceman - preservation Essay - 2849 Words

1. Explain why the iceman was so well preserved? ( source one) It is said that a frozen body will stay preserved over hundreds, even thousand of years. During the first stage of investigations Austrian archaeologist Konrad Spindler researched the layout which had proved that the iceman’s body position and placement of weapons were preserved in the same position from when the Iceman had died, it had also been proved that the body was initially covered in a thin layer of snow which had helped complete the freeze drying process before it turned into ice. The body had been so well preserved because of the depth that the Iceman was actually lying in the ground, which was near the watershed (watershed meaning a line of high land where streams†¦show more content†¦When the Egyptians extended their empire, tattooing extended as well to civilizations such as Crete, Greece, Persia, and Arabia. Later on in 2000BC this form of body art also reached china. With almost every culture influencing the practice of tattoo’s, the concept ranged from medical purposes, branding slaves to even determining the coming out of women. Examples include: - In ancient Greek and Rome tattooing was used in order to brand slaves and criminals. Greeks also used tattoos to identify and communicate with spies. It was during this period tattooing spread to central Europe and tattoos were used for medical purposes such as acupuncture which would later on influence the Chinese acupuncture society. - In the Marquesas islands they were applied to dignify honour and status. - Ainu people (western Asia) also used tattooing to show social status, for example a married women would have a specific tattoo. The Ainu people soon introduced tattoos to Japan who used them for religious rites - In Borneo, as a cultural tradition women were actually tattooists. They used tattooing to identify what tribe or religion a man belonged to. 3. Look at source 3 how have modern scientific research methods and testing helped archaeologists place the iceman in to historical testing? Modern scientific methods and testing have made it possible for both historians and archaeologists and alsoShow MoreRelatedIceman - Preservation2915 Words   |  12 Pages1. Explain why the iceman was so well preserved? ( source one) It is said that a frozen body will stay preserved over hundreds, even thousand of years. During the first stage of investigations Austrian archaeologist Konrad Spindler researched the layout which had proved that the icemans body position and placement of weapons were preserved in the same position from when the Iceman had died, it had also been proved that the body was initially covered in a thin layer of snow which had helpedRead MoreBog Bodies Are Crucial to Our Understanding of the Past616 Words   |  2 Pagesyears ago, that the bog bodies do. Unlike the skeletonized remains, bog bodies come with appearance, clothing, equipment, occasionally in tact organs and evidence of violence, all of which are lost on simple bone remains. The physical appearance preservation of the bog bodies is normally in prime condition. Because of this condition it means that scientists and archaeologists are able to study the features of the body and conclude things like the development of physical evolution from the ancient bodyRead MoreThe Iceman At The Bolzano Museum928 Words   |  4 PagesWith accordance to the ppt and doc: Neolithic-Chalcolithic Europe; Tyrolean Alps; Austria/Italy; September 1991, discovery of the Iceman à ­Ã‚â€"tzi among the à ­Ã‚â€"tztal Mountains, dating back to 3000 BC with range starting circa 6000 BC. 1996, Alasdair Whittle wrote Europe in the Neolithic: The Creation of New Worlds which is an general overview of the Iceman and Neolithic according to the ppt. 1994, Barry Cunliffe (ed.) authored Prehistoric Europe: An Illustrated History which is also has coverage of theRead MoreOtzi the Iceman2360 Words   |  10 PagesOtzi the Iceman Ãâ€"tzi the Iceman is the oldest naturally preserved human body ever found. Because of Ãâ€"tzi, we can touch and almost see into the very distant past. We can imagine the lives led by our human ancestors. The discovery and study of Ãâ€"tzi enables us to look back through time and glimpse an ancient world. Place Circumstances of discovery Ãâ€"tzi the Iceman is believed to be the oldest naturally preserved human body ever found in the continent of Europe. Ãâ€"tzi the Iceman was discovered highRead MoreOpenness in Personality10561 Words   |  43 Pages, 2001; Feingold, 1994). Both evolutionary and social role theory explanations have been proffered for the consistent finding that women tend to be more nurturing. Evolutionary explanations emphasize the adaptive advantage for reproduction and preservation of offspring conferred by sensitivity and nurturance (Buss, 1995), while social role theory attributes female nurturant behavior to feminine gender role socialization (Eagley, 1987). These explanations appear equally applicable to older adults

Underage Drinking As A New Phenomenon - 1475 Words

Underage drinking in the US is one of the social issues, which has been responsible for numerous economic losses, accidents, deaths and crimes. Youth have become actively involved in drinking abuse, where they lose their sense of understanding and comprehension. To eradicate the social issue of underage drinking, numerous strategies have been implemented by the US government, where some of them were successful, while others were not able to produce significant reduction in underage drinking. Today, the world has shrunk down due to technological advancement, where the major impact of technology is laid on academic knowledge. Through vast technological advancement, studies and researches pertaining to underage drinking will aid the government and states to control problem of the prevalence of underage drinking in the society. The current research in hand, focuses on how can the imposition of higher penalties and fines for selling alcohol to underage members can reduce the societal costs of underage drinking. Literature Review Underage drinking in the societies of the US is not a new phenomenon. Ever since ages, the social concern of underage drinking has been eating the society like a plague, for which society is bearing the economic cost of losing its youth and future in the hands of such social concern, which can be avoided. According to the CDC, underage drinking is one of the major public health problems, which is accountable for 4,300 deaths of underage drinkersShow MoreRelatedMedia s Influence On Media1703 Words   |  7 Pageswhat the public sees and how it is portrayed. Some argue that people benefit from exposure to the media and it’s advertising. The media â€Å"provides us with most of our information about the political process† (Buckingham 5). Through news channels such as CNN and Fox News, people are offered an opportunity to learn and develop their own political view and stance. This also triggers people to become more aware of current events taking place and ways that they may engage in their community. It is alsoRead MoreTeenagers and Alcohol1584 Words   |  6 Pagesdrink? Some people say yes because teenagers are responsible for their actions and should be able to have a little more leniency. Others say no, because teenagers are more likely to get into trouble with alcohol use and possible accidents due to drinking and driving. However a person looks at this argument, teenagers should be able to make their own decisions in life and learn from their mistakes. People generally know that teenagers will find many ways to get alcohol. Teenagers find way to pushRead MoreFavors for and Against Lowering the Legal Drinking Age771 Words   |  4 PagesFactors In Favor of and Against Khimley Young Critical Thinking and Problem Solving/ Hum 200 AOS Instructor Dr. Steven Mathews October 24, 2012 Lowering the Legal Drinking Age to 18: Yea or Nay Argument in Favor of Lowering the Legal Drinking Age The age of 18 is a transitional point in life. An 18-year=old can vote, marry, enlist in the military and buy cigarettes. To some it’s absurd that an 18-year-old can vote politicians into office and fight wars for the country but cannotRead MorePositive And Negative Effects Of Drinking Alcohol1709 Words   |  7 Pagesthe consumption of alcohol but it can be said that drinking alcohol has both positive and negative effects. Controversy may arise between opposing sides that those below the age of twenty-one are not responsible enough to drink however are allowed a driving license or a driver’s permit. In the United States of America, society and lawmakers focus more on the negative impacts of alcohol consumption especially when it comes to who we allow drinking, and do not consider that teenagers are able to thinkRead MoreAnalyzing the Demand to Lower the Drinking Age to 181933 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Analyzing the Push to Lower the Drinking Age to 18 Introduction According to Andrew Mark Lisa in the preface to his online petition to see the national drinking age limit lowered, it is not only young people but also colleges across America who are interested in promoting legislation that will lower the drinking age. Lisa references a Time magazine article, which quotes Dartmouth College President James Wright as stating that a lowered age limit would help prevent alcohol abuse because campusesRead MoreA Research Study On Mixed Methods2163 Words   |  9 PagesMixed methods Lately, researchers have begun to debate that qualitative and quantitative methods could play complementary functions as qualitative study could be used to formulate new questions and theories, which could then be tested through quantitative means, and reviewed later or extended through further qualitative investigation, and so on. A number of researchers discussed the mixed methods approach to investigation. According to Tashakkori and Teddlie (2003), it emerged in the mid to lateRead MoreInfluence Of Peer Pressure On Adolescent Alcoholism1768 Words   |  8 Pageshave identified is peer pressure in alcoholism. Allen, Fretz, et. al (2008) explain that the increased use of alcohol among adolescents can be related directly to peer pressure. This stand is supported by Bourke (2010) of ABC News who reports that teenagers usually end up drinking alcohol even when they do not plan or want to just so that they can be counted as part of the crowd. She identifies this as peer pressure coupled with the desire to belong (Bourke, 2010). The two stands that have been describedRead MoreCampus Crime : The Dark Side Of The Ivory Tower1456 Words   |  6 Pageshas also been passed in order to prevent campus crime from occurring as well as to educate those who are either in danger of victimization or have the ability to prevent victimization and assure that justice is done. However, campus crime is not a new issue in regard to its occurrence, only in that it has finally attracted both public and media attention. Furthermore, Sloan III and Fisher (2011) suggest that this movement to recognize and prevent the occurrence of crime on college and universityRead MoreHow Peer Pressure Is An Act That Should Not Be Taken Lightly Because Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagescould see that a bully performs out of wanting to show off to his or her peers. In contrast, in the article Participant Roles in Bullying: How can Peer Bystanders Be Utilized in Interventions it is referenced as, â€Å"Bullying is a highly prevalent phenomenon whic h often persists over long periods of time, because â€Å"it works†; in other words, it helps the perpetrator get something that he or she wants†. Bullies use the advantage of taking ones’ confidence and dismantles it along with their self-esteemRead MorePeer Pressure In Adolescence Essay1397 Words   |  6 Pages2007). In many forms of media, featured in the past and present, sex and sexuality are common topics discussed and experienced by the characters. The largest difference between Usually these storylines revolve around adolescents trying to navigate new sexual experiences, and the other characters reacting to the situation. However, the purpose of this paper is focusing on how peer pressures affect the adolescent’s actions and views on sex. The popular source this paper will be using for comparison

Qualitative Research for Rationale and Standards - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theQualitative Research for Rationale and Standards. Answer: Introduction The following assignment will aim to critically appraise the work by Smith et al. (2014) in relation to the brimming issue of obesity by virtue of acknowledging definite criteria as laid out in the article by Popay et al. (1998). The proposed framework will help in recognizing the contribution of the qualitative study under consideration in the health service research. The vital themes associated with subjective meaning, the context of research, selection of study participants, interpretation with respect to participants accounts, the active consideration of the lay knowledge, flexibility as exhibited by the researcher within the research procedure in addition to the generalizability of the findings as expressed through the study discourse will be discussed in due course within the assignment. Emphasis will be laid on scrutinizing the distinctive features pertinent to the qualitative research and derive meaningful observations and interpretations through evaluation of the rigor and t he robustness satisfactorily. Criteria for evaluation of qualitative research after Popay et al. (1998) Subjective Meaning The proceedings of the study indicated that the research was carried out with respect to the focus group comprising of subjects as overweight adolescents and their parents. It has been mentioned that the inclusion criteria for the subjects were that they have underwent a healthy lifestyle program as intervention. The focus group was questioned about their experiences and opinions pertaining to the use of text messages as support during the maintenance period following the intensive intervention. The style and content of the text messages were questioned to them to get their valuable response. All the subsequent assessments were carried out by virtue of referring to the content and thematic analysis as procured from the study participants. Thus, it is more than evident that the resources and subjective interpretations of the participants were utilized to frame the subsequent analysis that in turn based on a strong foundation adding to the authenticity. Participant Validation The theoretical underpinnings and objectives of the research conducted were thoughtfully used in the study to obtain suitable information regarding their experiences and opinions specific to the maintenance phase following the intervention that supported healthy lifestyle program. Reflection of the experiences as expressed by the adolescent focus group of 12 adolescents was videotaped after receiving formal approval from the participants ends. Answers were received from the adolescents considering that they would reflect on their thoughts and opinions as applicable through the chosen six text messages retrieved from the databases that were previously used during the high intensity maintenance phase. However, the researchers speculated that the obese adolescents would not always resort to voicing their true opinion regarding the chosen theme and instead express a more socially acceptable view, Therefore, in order to allay such apprehension and confounding factor, secondary view from 1 3 parents were utilized for the sake of validation of the information provided by the adolescents. Thus, confirmation from the parents that further corroborated with the adolescents opinions added to the relevancy of the data that has been derived. Description of Context The circumstances as suitable with the focus group have been succinctly described in the article that hold potential for future implications. The vulnerable group of adolescents falling within the age bracket of 12-16 years has been selected as the focus group and the issue of text messaging as a support during post healthy lifestyle intervention program has been introduced and explored. Considering that good health promotion in the adolescents is a challenging task, the improvisation and implementation of novel approaches to facilitate health and wellbeing has been identified crucial and an effective way to combat the situation. However, dearth of information with regards to the obese and overweight adolescents where text messaging through technological intervention might act as a potential way of supporting engagement or behavior change in the maintenance phase following an intervention was identified as the area of investigation. Therefore, the necessity to fathom the perceptions of the adolescents was recognized to be important so that the dropout rates in case of pediatric weight management programs may be curtailed by recognizing their beliefs, perceptions about the given issue. Lay Knowledge The pivotal emphasis for the study was laid upon retrieving the perceptions of the adolescents under two broad themes such as what they liked or though they wanted in a text message for the purpose of supporting behavior change as well as how they experienced responded to text messages. The sub themes with respect to the like/want theme comprised of the overall tone of the text, timing, frequency, mention about long term goals in addition to inclusion of practical tips. Further lack of motivation, feeling of shame, barriers to change, lack of motivation and unfavorable comparison with other adolescents were recognized as sub themes to response to text theme. Therefore recording of all these accounts in relation to the participants certainly added to the given volume of data in the study and offered a deeper insight into the topic. Moreover, the results obtained following this trail hold promise in healthcare sector as the policymakers may took serious consideration of the identified themes to result in introduction of suitable policy meant for holistic development and in this case, policy with respect to management of obesity in the identified population of adolescents. Flexibility The variability in the research design as observed within the focus group of participants added to the quality of the study undertaken rather than simply following a standardized approach for conducting the research. It has been demonstrated in the article that four focus groups comprising of overweight and obese adolescents were conducted in the study so as to encompass the three waves of participants who undertook the programs at different times. Similar four focus groups were meant for the parents of these adolescents as well consisting of few, 3 to 4 members to facilitate rich discussion with the text messages. Sampling The article clearly offers an insight about the demographic of the study participants. In order to successfully address the issue relevant to the topic of investigation, a small sample size that fit into the study design was incorporated. 12 adolescents and 13 parents were involved with the study as they clearly suited the purpose of research. Most of the subjects for the study were found to belong to the middle to low socio-economic areas and were of white Australians origin. Thus, it may be said that the sampling procedure in the study though appears to be purposive, conforms to the study protocol. Generalizability Situational representativeness of the study findings is harbored in course of the study whereby it is said that the overweight and obese adolescents are not competent enough to voice their opinion about the effectiveness of the text messages during healthy lifestyle intervention program include maintenance phase. Selection of the subjects through theoretical sampling may be attributed as a causative factor for the lack of generalizability due to lack of accuracy in population representation. Thus, the fact depicted through the qualitative study that simultaneous engagement and behavior change in adolescents through text messaging may not be a feasible option, calls for greater insight and probe to establish the possible relation between the two variables. Conclusion Careful interpretation of the findings and other aspects of the research article under consideration have brought to the forefront the vital understanding about the applicability and resourcefulness of the article that has been critically appraised. The utility of the findings and implications for future research is clearly evident through appraisal of the article subjected to fulfillment of the established criteria as indicated by work of Popay et al. (1998). The robustness of the article and its findings are indicative of the potential that may be perceived in relation to the study results for future reference, deeper probe by clinical researchers. References Popay, J., Rogers, A. and Williams, G., 1998. Rationale and standards for the systematic review of qualitative literature in health services research. Qualitative health research, 8(3), pp.341-351. Smith, K.L., Kerr, D.A., Fenner, A.A. and Straker, L.M., 2014. Adolescents just do not know what they want: a qualitative study to describe obese adolescents experiences of text messaging to support behavior change maintenance post intervention. Journal of medical Internet research, 16(4).